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Enemies on all sides. Confusion reigns. And the only man who can save the Roman Empire isn't even Roman.

UPDATE! Watch the afterword on Palmyra Today: http://bit.ly/1kiAKTN

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Middle East: Odenathus - Ghosts of the Desert - Extra History

Watch the afterword about Palmyra Today: http://bit.ly/1kiAKTN Support us on Patreon: http://bit.ly/EHPatreon Watch more Extra History: http://bit.ly/18BltIj (---Episode details below!) Subscribe for new episodes every Saturday! http://bit.ly/SubToEC Play games with us on our sister channel! http://bit.ly/WatchEXP Talk to us on Twitter (@ExtraCreditz): http://bit.ly/ECTweet Follow us on Facebook: http://bit.ly/ECFBPage Get our list of recommended games on Steam: http://bit.ly/ECCurator ____________ In 260 CE, the Roman Empire was falling apart on all sides. Emperor Valerian gathered the legions to push back on the worst incursions from the Sassanid Empire in the east. They not only lost - they were massacred, and the emperor was taken captive. This left the empire in disarray. Into this desperate moment stepped Odenathus from the city-state of Palmyra. Palmyra was a vassal state that owed fealty to Rome and had been decorated with many honors and recognition in the past. If Rome fell, the Sassanid Empire would certainly look to conquer and annex Palmyra, so Odenathus rode to the rescue. He gathered all the soldiers he could find and took the Sassanid army by surprise on their way back from the battle with Valerian. He destroyed them. From there, he rode north to protect the emperor's son, and the next heir to Rome, then south again where he pushed the Sassanids all the way back to their capitol twice. Despite his success and undeniable military power, he never took power for himself or declared himself an emperor. Rome showered him with appreciation and titles. Sadly, he was murdered by his nephew in 267 CE, but his loyalty had bought the Roman Empire enough time to recover and survive for another 200 years. ____________ Get the intro music here! http://bit.ly/1EQA5N7 *Music by Demetori: http://bit.ly/1AaJG4H Get the outro music here! http://bit.ly/1PYiICA *Music by Henrik Neesgaard __________ Extra History - Byzantine Empire: Justinian and Theodora From Swineherd to Emperor: http://bit.ly/1LYJKFX

Comments

Jorge

The video shows the year of his death as 277 instead of 267.

Anonymous

I have not known of Odenathus at all and this episode shows his significance to European history. It's a pity to see Palmyra destroyed by the damn ISIS this year :(

ExtraCredits

Darnit I always miss something! Can we pretend like the historical errors are easter eggs and I leave them in there for you to find on purpose? D:

ExtraCredits

That's part of the reason we wanted to talk about him. :( I think James still has more to say on the subject.

Anonymous

An interesting choice for a non-intentional Halloween episode. But a good one none the less.

ExtraCredits

Yeah, it has nothing to do with the holiday - there was actually supposed to be a Lies episode this week for the Admiral Yi series, but James had to travel this week and so the episodes swapped places.

Anonymous

Excellent episode. Just succinct enough to explain Odenathus' rule without having to explain the Crisis of the Third Century's combination of political instability and external threat. One nitpick though, more of an interesting fact really: You say Valerian was captured in a treacherous parley after the Battle of Edessa, and the Latin Record will back you up on this. However in the chaos of the Crisis, there are often two accounts of every event, and the truth is probably a third. Persian records have Valerian just captured during or just after the battle. We obviously will never know for sure, but it's interesting to think the Romans couldn't bear the shame of a captured emperor and had to justify it through Sassanid duplicity. This could also be projection, especially after the Emperor Caracalla's duplicity when dealing with the Parthians 45 years earlier.

Anonymous

Im confused I joined Patreon in part to vote for the upcoming - was there something I missed?

Anonymous

I love you very much

Anonymous

EH was originally set up so that each series was to be four parts long, plus the lies video. With many of the series ending up at five or six parts, they re-oriented to assume six part series, plus lies. Since Admiral Yi is only five parts, they decided to do a bonus episode for a topic too short for a full series. I dunno about future bonus series, but for Odenathus there wasn't a vote.

Anonymous

King of kings, just like the newest hardcore history episode, haha. Haven't gotten to it yet, but he's probably talking about the Persians too

ExtraCredits

Odds are that yes, he's talking about the original king of kings - i.e. the Persians - which would be a fascinating series!

ExtraCredits

Interesting! You know, I did wonder about that a moment - considering the troops were massacred, you wouldn't really expect the Persians to hang back and wait to capture the Roman emperor until later. There he is, with no army, so... get him.

Anonymous

Fantastic little episode--I love this idea of filling in a gap with a mini-sode like this. :3

Anonymous

Can't help but notice that Rome didn't last long after the adoption of Christianity. Coincidence? I think not.

Anonymous

Hmm, Theodosius makes Christianity the Empire's Official Religion in 390, and a mere 1063 years later Constantinople is overrun! Even looking at the traditional fall of Rome, you give one factor of many too much credit. Christianity didn't cause the incessant inflation that undermined the Roman Middle Class and therefore tax base. It didn't encourage noble estates to pay as little taxes and offer as few conscripts as possible. It certainly didn't introduce the Antonine and Cyprian plagues which caused long term population and economic decline. No Missionary encouraged the Huns to displace the traditional inhabitants of Germania and force them into the Empire. The Gospels had no advice on how to handle these migrations, so Adrianople can't be laid at their feet. To be fair, attempting to assert Christianity had no role would be dishonest, but I think the Christian/Pagan tensions or Nicean/Arian tensions are overstated as a cause.

ExtraCredits

Good, because there's going to be more like this after the next series! ;D

Anonymous

i like video and we need 1 more Dan

Anonymous

This was really interesting. I really love all the intricacies of the history of Rome (the city itself was probably the coolest place I ever visited). I would love to see some more of these shorter episodes on other events and people of Rome like the tragedy of Pompeii or even just the rise and fall of Ostia

ExtraCredits

Did you go to Ostia while you were there? I salute you. Most people don't realize it's there and they miss out on, in my opinion, one of the BEST experiences you can have in (or technically just outside) Rome.

Arturo Gutierrez

Love these history mini-episodes :D looking forward for more of them.

Anonymous

Cant believe i never knew this guy. Thanks for teaching us good history lessons. Ya'll way better than any teacher out there.

The Cayute

This is what I love about EH. I love hearing about history in general, but my schooling on it was pretty general, and honestly more of it focused on American and Western European history within the last few hundred years. Work and a hectic life kept me from pursuing my education further than I'd have liked. You guys bring unknown history to the unknowing mass, and make it relatable and understandable while making us want more because it's so interesting. Thank you for this little slice of history :)