Episode 228: Safe House (ad-free) (Patreon)

Some corners of folklore offer us a place to hide. But when those traditions become a pawn in political and religious games, the stories they breed often leave us with chills.

Written and produced by Aaron Mahnke, with research by Cassandra de Alba and music by Chad Lawson.

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Further Reading

1. “Ajax the Lesser in Greek Mythology.” Greek Legends and Myths. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.greeklegendsandmyths.com/ajax-the-lesser.html
2. Andrews, William. “The Right of Sanctuary.” In Old Church Lore (The Hull Press, 1891). https://elfinspell.com/AndrewsSanctuary.html
3. “Are these pictures PROOF princes murdered by Richard III are haunting the Tower of London?” Express. September 4, 2015. https://www.express.co.uk/news/weird/602958/Haunted-pictures-Tower-of-London-princes-Richard-III
4. Banks, Peet. “The Princes in the Tower.” The Paranormal Guide. November 29, 2013. http://www.theparanormalguide.com/blog/the-princes-in-the-tower
5. Barber, Tim. “Beverley’s Frith Stool and the right of sanctuary.” Real Yorkshire Blog. May 23, 2020. https://www.realyorkshireblog.com/post/beverley-s-frith-stool-and-the-right-of-sanctuary
6. Bond, Sarah. “Defending The Ancient Concept Of The Sanctuary City.” Forbes. March 28, 2017. https://www.forbes.com/sites/drsarahbond/2017/03/28/defending-the-ancient-concept-of-the-sanctuary-city/?sh=461481b03aaa
7. Boulton, Alexander O. Democracy and Empire: The Athenian Invasion of Sicily, 415-413 BCE (Hamilton Books, 2021). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Democracy_and_Empire/HcFFEAAAQBAJ
8. “A brief history.” Beverley Minster. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://beverleyminster.org.uk/visit-us-2/a-brief-history
9. Bulwer-Lytton. “Pausanias, the Spartan.” In The Collected Works: Novels, Plays, Poems & Essays (e-artnow, 2022). https://books.google.com/books?id=PhViEAAAQBAJ
10. “Cassandra.” Encyclopedia Mythica. March 3, 1997. https://pantheon.org/articles/c/cassandra.html
11. “Cassandra in Greek Mythology.” Greek Legends and Myths. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.greeklegendsandmyths.com/cassandra.html
12. Chrysopoulos, Philip. “The Trojan War: History or Myth?” Greek Reporter. June 25, 2022. https://greekreporter.com/2022/06/25/trojan-war
13. Cox, John Charles. The Sanctuaries and Sanctuary Seekers of Mediaeval England (G. Allen & Sons, 1911). https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Sanctuaries_and_Sanctuary_Seekers_of/8Y9bAAAAMAAJ
14. Curtis, Joseph. “Does this picture finally solve the 500-year-old mystery of the princes in the Tower? Mother-of-two claims she was photobombed by ghost of Richard III's 12-year-old 'victim' Edward V.” Daily Mail. January 6, 2017. https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4094312/Does-picture-finally-solve-500-year-old-mystery-princes-Tower-Mother-two-claims-photobombed-ghost-Richard-III-s-12-year-old-victim-Edward-V.html
15. Denault, Leigh T. “History: The Golden Age of Athens.” The Glory That Was Greece: History and Culture in Ancient Athens. 2003. http://www.watson.org/~leigh/history.html
16. “Edward V & Richard Duke of York.” Westminster Abbey. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/royals/edward-v-richard-duke-of-york
17. “Elizabeth of York.” English Monarchs. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.englishmonarchs.co.uk/tudor_11.htm
18. “Elizabeth Woodville.” Westminster Abbey. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.westminster-abbey.org/abbey-commemorations/commemorations/elizabeth-woodville
19. Favaro, Paola. “Ancient Rome inspired Washington but its legacy of being open to all has fallen into oblivion.” The Conversation. May 9, 2019. https://theconversation.com/ancient-rome-inspired-washington-but-its-legacy-of-being-open-to-all-has-fallen-into-oblivion-113924
20. Fogg, Nicholas. Secret Stratford-upon-Avon (Amberley Publishing, 2017). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Secret_Stratford_upon_Avon/kjMqDwAAQBAJ
21. Fontenrose, Joseph. The Delphic Oracle: Its Responses and Operations with a Catalogue of Responses (University of California Press, 2021). https://books.google.com/books?id=j5buDwAAQBAJ
22. Fox, E.T. “A Lost Prince, A Devon Church, and The Da Vinci Code.” Tudor Bench Ends of the West Country. December 30, 2021. https://benchends.wordpress.com/2021/12/30/a-lost-prince-a-devon-church-and-the-da-vinci-code
23. Gordon, George Byron. “Westminster.” The Museum Journal 13(4), 1922: 333-357. https://www.penn.museum/sites/journal/7126
24. Grundhauser, William. “What It Was Like to Seek Asylum in Medieval England.” Slate. July 31, 2015. https://slate.com/human-interest/2015/07/in-medieval-england-fugitives-seeking-sanctuary-needed-only-to-get-themselves-to-church.html
25. Guerber, Helen. “Death of Pausanias.” In Story of the Greeks (American Book Company, 1896). https://www.heritage-history.com/index.php?c=read&author=guerber&book=greeks&story=pausanias
26. Herodotus. History of Herodotus, Volume 3 (University of Lausanne, 1862). https://www.google.com/books/edition/History_of_Herodotus/ZCQTAAAAQAAJ
27. Hollman, Gemma. Royal Witches Witchcraft and the Nobility in Fifteenth-Century England (Pegasus Books, 2020). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Royal_Witches/S5vsDwAAQBAJ?hl=en
28. “Inter Duos Lucos.” AncientWorlds. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://ancientworlds.net/aw/Places/Property/1013203
29. Izadi, Elahe. “Newly discovered mass graves could be filled with an ancient Greek tyrant’s followers.” The Washington Post. April 15, 2016. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2016/04/15/newly-discovered-mass-graves-could-be-filled-with-an-ancient-greek-tyrants-followers
30. Jones, Neil. “The Princes in the Tower.” Britain Magazine. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.britain-magazine.com/features/the-princes-in-the-tower
31. Kamali, Elizabeth Papp. Felony and the Guilty Mind in Medieval England (Cambridge University Press, 2019). https://books.google.com/books?id=1ymhDwAAQBAJ
32. Kirby, Martyn. Sanctuary (Beverley Minster, 2020). https://beverleyminster.org.uk/sanctuary/sanctuary-book
33. “Lambert Simnel.” Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lambert-Simnel-English-pretender
34. Langley, Philippa. “The Missing Princes Project.” Revealing Richard III. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.revealingrichardiii.com/langley.html
35. Lehman, H. Eugene. Lives of England's Reigning and Consort Queens (Author House, 2011). https://books.google.com/books?id=boaYGR2H394C
36. Little, Becky. “Claiming ‘Sanctuary’ in a Medieval Church Could Save Your Life—But Lead to Exile.” History.com. April 18, 2019. https://www.history.com/news/church-sanctuary-asylum-middle-ages
37. Louth, Andrew (ed.). The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (OUP Oxford, 2022). https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_the_Christian_C/3CNeEAAAQBAJ
38. Mackinlay, James Murray. Ancient Church Dedications in Scotland: Non-scriptural dedications (D. Douglas, 1914). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Ancient_Church_Dedications_in_Scotland_N/jIZAAAAAIAAJ
39. Maurer, Helen. “Bones in the Tower: A Discussion of Time, Place and Circumstance.” The Ricardian 8(111), 1990: 474-493
40. Mauro, J-P. “Whatever happened to claiming ‘sanctuary’ in a church?’” Aleteia. May 18, 2019. https://aleteia.org/2019/05/18/whatever-happened-to-claiming-sanctuary-in-a-church
41. McElduff, Siobhán. “Vestal Virgins.” In UnRoman Romans (The University of British Columbia, 2021). https://human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/History/World_History/UnRoman_Romans_(McElduff)/09%3A_Religion/09.3%3A_Vestal_Virgins
42. McSheffrey, Shannon. “About Sanctuary.” Sanctuary Seekers in England, 1394-1557. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://sanctuaryseekers.ca/explainer
43. McSheffrey, Shannon. “Perkin Warbeck and sanctuary.” May 31, 2020. https://sanctuaryseekers.ca/2020/05/31/warbeck
44. McSheffrey, Shannon. “The 'privileged men' of Westminster: the 1532 and 1533 censuses.” Sanctuary Seekers in England, 1394-1557. May 6, 2020. https://sanctuaryseekers.ca/2020/05/06/census
45. Ogden, David. Greek and Roman Necromancy (Princeton University Press, 2019). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Greek_and_Roman_Necromancy/93y-DwAAQBAJ
46. “Pausanias.” Oxford Classical Dictionary. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://oxfordre.com/classics
47. “Perkin Warbeck.” Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Perkin-Warbeck-English-pretender
48. Petropoulos, John (ed). Greek Magic: Ancient, Medieval and Modern (Taylor & Francis, 2008). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Greek_Magic/SWGBAgAAQBAJ
49. Plutarch. The Parallel Lives (Loeb Classical Library, 1914). https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/e/roman/texts/plutarch/lives/numa*.html
50. “The Princes in the Tower.” Historic Royal Palaces. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.hrp.org.uk/tower-of-london/history-and-stories/the-princes-in-the-tower/#gs.6fpwlp
51. Rabben, Linda. Sanctuary and Asylum: A Social and Political History (University of Washington Press, 2016). https://books.google.com/books/about/Sanctuary_and_Asylum.html?id=d7iyDAEACAAJ https://canvas.uw.edu/courses/1114024/files/39866784/download?verifier=SKV2zd1RvUXNMUG6cuYk7v3DqhUa297YRIvCvZ8v&wrap=1
52. Roger, Euan. “The birth (and the death?) of Edward V.” The National Archives. November 2, 2020. https://blog.nationalarchives.gov.uk/the-birth-and-death-of-edward-fifth
53. Russell, Rebecca. “Royal Ghost Stories: The Tower of London.” Royal Central. October 29, 2021. https://royalcentral.co.uk/uk/royal-ghost-stories-the-tower-of-london-150088
54. Ryan, William C. “The Historical Case for the Right of Sanctuary.” Journal of Church and State 29(2), Spring 1987: 209-232. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23916452
55. “Saint John of Beverley.” Beverley Minster. Accessed July 15, 2022.
56. “Sanctuary Chair.” Beverley Minster. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://beverleyminster.org.uk/sanctuary/sanctuary-chair
57. “The Sanctuary Knocker.” Durham World Heritage Site. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.durhamworldheritagesite.com/learn/architecture/cathedral/intro/sanctuary-knocker
58. “sanctuary (n.)” Online Etymology Dictionary. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.etymonline.com/word/sanctuary
59. Schwartz, Emmanuel, George Steiner, and Philippe Sénéchal. The Legacy of Homer: Four Centuries of Art from the Ecole Nationale Supérieure Des Beaux-Arts, Paris (Yale University Press, 2005). https://books.google.com/books?id=K7XMymPdFEUC
60. Serjeantson, R.M. A History of the Church of St. Peter, Northampton, Together with the Chapels of Kingsthorpe and Upton (W. Mark, 1904). https://www.google.com/books/edition/A_History_of_the_Church_of_St_Peter_Nort/ubAvAQAAMAAJ
61. Sewell, Elizabeth Missing. Greece (Harvard University 1897). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Greece/pV8AAAAAYAAJ
62. Shoemaker, Karl. Sanctuary and Crime in the Middle Ages, 400-1500 (Fordham University Press, 2011). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Sanctuary_and_Crime_in_the_Middle_Ages_4/nH5IXnoHgnwC
63. Smith, Rachel Allison. “Vestals Remembered: An Examination of the Myths of Rhea Silvia, Tarpeia, and Tuccia.” Unpublished honors thesis (Baylor University, 2014). https://baylor-ir.tdl.org/bitstream/handle/2104/9013/THESIS.pdf?sequence=1
64. Smith, William. “Asylum.” In A Dictionary of Roman Antiquities (John Murray, 1875). https://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/secondary/SMIGRA*/Asylum.html
65. Stanley, Arthur Penrhyn. Historical Monuments of Westminster Abbey, Volume 3 (A.B.F. Randolph, 1868). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Historical_Monuments_of_Westminster_Abbe/L1FGAAAAYAAJ
66. Starbuck, Lydia. “Did Richard III actually save the boy king he’s accused of killing?” Royal Central. December 29, 2021. https://royalcentral.co.uk/features/new-theory-suggests-richard-iii-saved-the-boy-king-he-replaced-170335
67. Steafel, Eleanor. “Meet the man behind Devon's Da Vinci Code.” The Telegraph. January 2, 2022. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/family/life/meet-man-behind-devons-da-vinci-code
68. Teysko, Heather. “Tudor Minute June 8, 1492: Elizabeth Woodville dies.” Renaissance English History Podcast. June 8, 2022. https://www.englandcast.com/2022/06/elizabeth-woodville-died
69. Thornbury, Walter. “Westminster Abbey: The sanctuary and almonry.” In Old and New London: Volume 3 (Cassell, Petter & Galpin, 1878). https://www.british-history.ac.uk/old-new-london/vol3/pp483-491
70. Travis, Alan. “Why the princes in the tower are staying six feet under.” The Guardian. February 5, 2013. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2013/feb/05/princes-in-tower-staying-under
71. “Vestal Virgins.” Encyclopedia Britannica. Accessed July 15, 2022. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Vestal-Virgins
72. “Wars of the Roses.” History.com. November 9, 2009. https://www.history.com/topics/british-history/wars-of-the-roses
73. Whitehead, Sophie. “The Princes in the Tower – is Britain’s biggest mystery any closer to being solved?” Retrospect Journal. January 23, 2022. https://retrospectjournal.com/2022/01/23/the-princes-in-the-tower-is-britains-biggest-mystery-any-closer-to-being-solved
74. Wildfang, Robin Lorsch. Rome’s Vestal Virgins (Taylor & Francis, 2006). https://www.google.com/books/edition/Rome_s_Vestal_Virgins/b919AgAAQBAJ
75. Wright, John Robert. The Church and the English Crown, 1305-1334: A Study Based on the Register of Archbishop Walter Reynolds (PIMS, 1980). https://books.google.com/books?id=5QfJpLxT1SkC