Hazards Around Bins And Hoppers 1978 US Mine Safety & Health Administration (Patreon)

more at http://quickfound.net/

Safety film for those who work around bins and hoppers.

Originally a public domain film from the US government, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.

The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coal_bin

Wikipedia license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

A coal bin, coal store or coal bunker is a storage container for coal awaiting use or transportation. This can be either in domestic, commercial or industrial premises, or on a ship or locomotive tender, or at a coal mine or processing plant.

Domestic coal bunkers are associated with the use of coal in open fires or for solid-fuel central heating. Free-standing bunkers were commonly made of wood or concrete and are currently sold in materials including plastic or galvanised metal. Coal bins or bunkers could also form an outhouse or be partly or fully underground.

Coal bins form or formed part of industrial plants, and were found on steam ships...

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hopper_(particulate_collection_container)

A hopper is a large, pyramidal or cone shaped container used in industrial processes to hold particulate matter or flow-able material of any sort, like dust, gravel, nuts, seeds etc. and can then dispense these from the bottom when needed. In some specialized applications even small metal or plastic assembly components can be loaded and dispensed by small hopper systems. In the case of dust collection hoppers the dust can be collected from expelled air. Hoppers for dust collection are often installed in groups to allow for a greater collection quantity. Hoppers are used in many industries to hold material until it is needed, such as flour, sugar or nuts for food manufacturing, food pellets for livestock, crushed ores for refining, etc. Dust hoppers are employed in industrial processes that use air pollution control devices such as dust collectors, electrostatic precipitators, and baghouses/fabric filters. Most hoppers are made of steel.

Process

Materials can be added either manually or automatically to the top of a hopper. For dust collection, it enters the hopper from a collection device. For example, baghouses are shaken or blown with compressed air to release caked-on dust from the bag. Precipitators use a rapping system to release the dirt. The crumbling dust falls into the hopper. Once the material in the hopper reaches capacity, it is released through an opening in the bottom with a diameter of about 8–12 inches (20–30 cm). Hoppers are rectangular or circular in cross section but have sides that slope at about a 60° angle. Slanted sides make it easier for the contained material to flow out. Conveyors are sometimes used to carry away the particulate matter.

Important components

Hopper walls are often insulated to protect the outside environment and personnel from the contents. Often, the bottom 1/4 – 1/3 of the container is heated to eliminate the possibility of condensation inside the hopper.

The greatest difficulty associated with the removal of very fine material, like flour or dust, from a hopper is the compaction of the material. Moisture content, particle shape and size, and vibration are all factors that contribute to compaction. Typically, with such fine materials, vibrators are installed on the outer walls of a hopper to shake and release the material, however other kind of discharging aids can be considered if necessary...