Backhoe Operations: Excavate, Load, Backfill 2001 US Air Force AFQTP (Patreon)

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"AFQTP - BACKHOE OPERATIONS - EXCAVATE, LOAD, AND BACKFILL MATERIAL

PROGRAM COVERS THE PROCEDURES TO OPERATE A WHEEL MOUNTED BACKHOE TO ACCOMPLISH THE TASKS OF EXCAVATING, LOADING, AND BACKFILLING MATERIAL. DISCUSSES HOW TO EXCAVATE AND LOAD MATERIAL WITH THE REAR BACKHOE BUCKET, AND HIGHLIGHTS THE BACKFILL PROCEDURES WITH THE FRONT MOUNTED BUCKET. EXPLAINS AF FORM 103, BASE CIVIL ENGINEERING WORK CLEARANCE REQUEST, AS IT APPLIES TO EXCAVATING WITH THE BACKHOE."

Originally a public domain film, slightly cropped to remove uneven edges, with the aspect ratio corrected, and one-pass brightness-contrast-color correction & mild video noise reduction applied.

The soundtrack was also processed with volume normalization, noise reduction, clipping reduction, and/or equalization (the resulting sound, though not perfect, is far less noisy than the original).

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Backhoe

Wikipedia license: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

A backhoe — also called rear actor or back actor — is a type of excavating equipment, or digger, consisting of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part articulated arm. It is typically mounted on the back of a tractor or front loader, the latter forming a 'backhoe loader' (colloquially known as a "JCB" in Ireland and the UK). The section of the arm closest to the vehicle is known as the boom, while the section which carries the bucket is known as the dipper (or dipper-stick), both terms derived from steam shovels. The boom is generally attached to the vehicle through a pivot known as the king-post, which allows the arm to pivot left and right, usually through a total of 180 to 200 degrees...

The term "backhoe" refers to the action of the shovel, not its location on the vehicle.[citation needed] That is, a backhoe digs by drawing earth backwards, rather than lifting it with a forward motion like a person shovelling, a steam shovel, or a bulldozer. Confusingly, the buckets on some backhoes may be reconfigured facing forward, making them "hoes". However they are not as effective in that orientation, since the dimensions of the various components are optimized for back-hoeing. Most backhoes are at their strongest curling the bucket, with the dipper arm next most powerful, and boom movements the least powerful.

A backhoe loader is a tractor-like vehicle with a backhoe at one end, a front loader on the other and a swivelling seat to position the operator facing whichever direction is needed at the time. In North America, this arrangement is often referred to as simply a backhoe or, when on a chassis originally derived from farm tractors, a tractor loader backhoe (TLB). To differentiate, a backhoe on its own dedicated chassis may then be referred to as an excavator.

Backhoe loaders can be designed and manufactured from the start as such, or can be the result of a farm tractor equipped with a front end loader (FEL) and rear backhoe. Though similar looking, the purpose-designed backhoe loaders are much stronger, with the farm variation unsuitable for heavy work. The farm variation also requires that the operator switch seats from sitting in front of the backhoe controls to the tractor seat in order to reposition the equipment while digging, and this often slows down the digging process.

With the advent of hydraulic powered attachments such as a tiltrotator, breaker, a grapple or an auger, the backhoe is frequently used in many applications other than excavation...

Backhoe loaders are general-purpose tools, and are being displaced to some extent by multiple specialist tools like the excavator and the speciality front end loader, especially with the rise of the mini-excavator. On many job sites which would have previously seen a backhoe used, a skidsteer (colloquially often called a Bobcat after the most well known manufacturer and inventor of the category) and a mini excavator will be used in conjunction to fill the backhoe's role. However, backhoes still are in general use.

Sometimes a backhoe bucket is reversed to work in a power shovel configuration. This is generally when loading from a large stockpile, for picking up or filling material next to walls, to increase the reach of the machine, or working around obstacles such as pipes.

Sometimes a backhoe arm is used as a crane, by slinging the lifted object from the support linkages behind the scoop (advisably not from the teeth)...