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[Rerun] Dr. Kirk begins his deep dive on attachment theory by telling the story of the theory’s originator, John Bowlby.

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March 18, 2019

The Psychology In Seattle Podcast ®

Trigger Warning: This episode may include topics such as assault, trauma, and discrimination. If necessary, listeners are encouraged to refrain from listening and care for their safety and well-being.

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Anonymous

Thanks for this interesting summary of the history of attachment theory!

Anonymous

Wow, I'm very excited for this deep dive. I'm a new Patreon member. It would be interesting for you to cover the attachment harms that occurred in Canada with First Nation, Inuit and Métis Children. The Canadian government forcibly sent 150,000 children to residential schools with the purpose of assimilation. The Prime Minister at the time stated that the purpose of these schools was to "kill the Indian in the child.” And the staff were abusive, Indigenous children weren’t allowed to speak their language, there are many recounts of physical, verbal and sexual abusive. This idea popped in my head, when you said that bowlby said that he wouldn’t send a dog to boarding school. These schools were created for the sole purpose of assimilation and indoctrination. Children weren’t even allowed to speak to their own siblings and were separated, some children never saw their siblings again. 4,000 children died at these schools, and possibly many more. https://youtu.be/m8wXExEHiS8?si=3K3JX0Y7O5710WKA Some Practices today are huntingly similar, all status indigenous people fall under the jurisdiction of the federal government versus the provinces or “states” for many things such as healthcare or education. Many reserves don’t have high schools, so children have to move to urban centres to attend high school and live with “host” families. Some elementary schools in reserve are so poorly made, that many kids don’t attend school during the winter, because they cannot be properly heated, so the average education level one can achieve on many reserves is low. Recently there were 7 deaths in Thunder Bay, of children who died while attending high school. Many communities have decided not send their children to Thunder Bay to get a high school education as they fear their children will end up dead to. https://youtu.be/x9iTBSPSE3U?si=yo1cdhiN30M9bE2R This documentary about starlight tours will blow your mind. https://youtu.be/CbNcwvrsHuw?si=2jltZ0B-t-6kAFf2 Practiced mostly in Saskatchewan where police would pick up indigenous people and drop them off in the middle of nowhere during the winter. Many men were found frozen to death. There were no serious ramifications for police who participated in this practice. One man who survived has permanent hearing loss. After the closure of the last residential schools in 1996, there is something called the 60s scoop, where 20,000 children were put into child and family services. The goal was to place as many indigenous children with white families as possible. They had a program called "Adopt an Indian." This painting called “the scream” is a great depiction the cultural genocide in Canada. https://www.kentmonkman.com/editions/the-scream-giclee-print There were also many policies of disenfranchisement. If indigenous people went to university, joined the military, etc., they would lose their Indian status and sometimes their treaty rights, meaning they were no longer able to live with their families in their communities or “reserves” There are many Indigenous people who are disconnected from their families and parents. Many adults are now reuniting with their siblings at age 60. One key difference in Canada compared to other countries that have colonized Indigenous peoples is that Indigenous people have two state-nations rights affirmed in the Royal Proclamation and in our constitution. The Royal Proclamation also applied to the United States before their independence from Britain. This is why for example in Canada many Indigenous land claims continue to go through Britain. Canada has done everything they can through deceptive treaty making process, genocidal laws to destroy Indigenous so that they don’t have share their power with Indigenous people. It’s very disappointing time to be Canadian. There are many Canadian who are afraid I think for their families, who settled in Canada through policies that in my opinion could be considered crimes against humanity. https://youtu.be/7yP3srFvhKs?si=heE84o1XIK4Jje9M https://www.nfb.ca/film/dancing_around_the_table_1/ https://www.nfb.ca/film/dancing_around_the_table_part_two/ https://www.nfb.ca/film/nipawistamasowin-we-will-stand-up/ In terms of understanding how many settlers and governments stole land that was rightfully indigenous here’s and interesting article and short podcast https://www.cbc.ca/player/play/1506633283615. It talks about Métis people, Métis people are referred to as the Red River Métis, there included in this conversation, because they are actually a new people. Primary Métis people were Scottish and Cree, but they developed their own culture and being. Ways of dressing, music, language the red river Métis speak Michief. The biggest enemy the Canadian government faced was Louis Riel a Métis man and his 1885 rebellion. Another interesting figure to look in to. Métis doesn’t mean your just mixed with European and indigenous which is what many people think, Métis people actually had distinct characteristics that made them Métis. The Métis people in Canada have their NATIONAL GOVERNMENT. There are even stories that some Indigenous Nations were separated by Canada and the US, notably the Dakota people, so there are Indigenous Nations in Canada who lost their bloodline Chiefs. If you want to learn more about Canada current child welfare system, this is very interesting case, that went through our human rights tribunal against the Canadian government by Dr. Cindy Blackstock a powerful Indigenous women. https://youtu.be/Ha9RKEoiPyk?si=AUymutSbBG24ngF5 In Canada, there is the band council system that elects "chiefs" on reserves, but it's essentially a European government that was put in place to ensure the Indian Act (a discriminatory document that continues to exist in Canada) is implemented. Although Indigenous peoples make up only 5% of the total population, our justice system and child welfare system are predominantly Indigenous. It's crazy in Canada, there is so much I could say. Another interesting piece of information is that the Canadian government welcomed delegates from South Africa (Dutch or European) when they were trying to figure out how to colonize the black population. They modeled their laws, pass systems, reserves, and police tactics after Canada. We even sent our RCMP officers there to help develop their domination over black people. Canada only supported the end of Apartheid when they had no other political choice. The major difference in the segregationist systems was labor. The South African government wanted black labor, but the Canadian government did not. The Canadian government simply wanted indigenous people to give up their rights and become Canadian or die. Hence the argument of cultural genocide in Canada. Many Indigenous people dont consider themselves Canadian and rightfully so. The situation in Canada will be very interesting over the next 100 years, we might be the first two state nation in the world. Hopefully we can be a model for countries like Israel. Like I said there is so much I could say, if you wanted to do a deep dive on this I could point you to resources and give you a lot more background information. You can find more information from our Truth and Reconciliation Commission at this link: https://nctr.ca/records/reports/